Freshwater / Brackish Water Test Review

Instructions: Each row makes one card. Cut along the double lines and fold along the single lines. Then glue or tape the sides together.

T or F: There are only natural sources of brackshish?	False
What is the salt concentration of brine water?	> 50
What is the salt concentration of fresh water?	<0.5

What is the salt concentration of salt water?	30- 50
What is the salt concentration of brackish water?	0.5 - 30
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest?	lake
Oxygen is a by product of?	photosynthesis

T or F: Plant production contributes organic matter, causing upward expansion of the soil surface?	True
What is Paleowater?	Fossil water found in aquifer
How did the Baltic Sea become a brackish body of water?	200 rivers empty into it
Define osmoconformers.	They match their body's osmolarity to the environment

Define Brackish zone.	Area where fresh & salt water meet - salinity between 0.5 & 30
Define osmoregulators.	Actively central salt concentrations despite salt concentrations in their environment.
Describe water stratification in the Baltic Sea.	Saltwater at the bottom, freshwater on top.
Name two factors fish species depend on to live in flowing waters.	Speed it can swim & how long it can maintain that speed.

What is sound?	Long body of water between island & mainland.
Organism which can tolerate saltwater, using heir special tongue glands to remove excess salt.	Crocodiles
What is water eutrophication and how does it negatively affect ecosystems?	High concentration of phosphates and nitrates decreasing O2
Oxygen's solubilty in water ____________ water temperature _________	decreases , increases

________________ recycle energy.	Bacteria
Define poikilotherms.	Cold - blooded; internal temperature varies with its surroundings.
Define Nekton.	The aggreate of actively swimming equatic organisms in a body of water.
Define glide habitat.	Non - turbulent, moderate - velocity , low gradient macrohabitat with a wide channel and no thalweg

Eutrophication promotes excess growth of _____________	Algae
This type of water is hostile to the growth of most terrestriaal plant species and could be damaging to the enviornment.	Brackish
Where a river meets a sea.	Estuary
How do dams impinge on anadromous and catadromous species?	Stopping them from returning to marine or fresh

This organism can tolerate marine environments by increasing its urea production and retention, and by remaining slightly hyperosmatic within urea and sodium flux.	Crab - eating frog
Why does water stratification occur and what does it lead to?	Salt water is denser than fresh ; leads to decreased O2 concentration.
Considered the most productive natural habitat in the world.	Estuary
How many zones are in an estuary?	3

Two of the main challenges of estuarine life are ___________________________ and _______________________	variability in salinity & sediment
What is a pool?	A deep, still spot in a river
What are examples of abiotic factors? _____________. ______________. ______________, ________________, ______________________	Flow , light , chemistry , temperature , substrate
What are examples of biotic factors? ___________________________, ___________________________, ___________________________, _________________________.	Bacteria , primary producers , invertebrates , vertubrates

Why must water purposely made brackish for farming purposes be contained?	to protect near by ecosystems.
Born and evelop in the ocean and them move into freshwater as adults.	catadromous
The region draining into a river, river system, or other body of water.	Watershed
Refers to standing water.	Lentic

What is a riffle?	A ripple in a stream or current of water
Refers to flowing water.	Lotic
What is sinuosity?	A river's tendency to move back & forth across the flood plain in an "S" shaped pattern.
Species that are born and develp in freshwater and then move to the ocean as adults.	Anadromous

Forms from sulfur dioxide nd nitrous oxide.

Acid rain